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ISCR Case 03-22831.h1 — CASE

ISCR Case 03-22831.h1denied

Case Headnote

ISCR Case No. 03-22831.h1

deniedJun 22, 2005· Hon. Joseph Testan· hearing

Summary

A 52-year-old U.S. citizen, originally from Egypt, was denied a security clearance due to significant foreign ties and intentional misrepresentations on his Security Clearance Application (SCA). The denial was based on Guideline B (Foreign Influence), Guideline C (Foreign Preference), and Guideline E (Personal Conduct).

The applicant maintained substantial connections to Egypt, including five siblings and both in-laws who are citizens and residents there. He also held an ownership interest in one Egyptian apartment and a long-term lease on another. Furthermore, the applicant served in the Egyptian military for approximately one year and, after becoming a U.S. citizen in 1986, retained and used his Egyptian passport. His Egyptian citizenship was solely based on his birth in the country.

On his SCA, the applicant falsely answered "no" to questions about foreign property, military service, and possessing an active foreign passport. His explanations for these falsifications were not deemed credible. Despite mitigating factors related to his dual citizenship and military service, the applicant's lack of honesty regarding his foreign connections led to the denial of his security clearance.

Why the Applicant Was Denied

The applicant maintained significant ties to Egypt, including family and property.
The applicant intentionally provided false information on his SCA regarding foreign property and military service.
The applicant's explanations for his falsifications were deemed not credible.

Conditions Referenced

Disqualifying

E2.A2.1.2.1raisedForeign Influence
E2.A3.1.2.1raisedForeign Preference
E2.A5.1.2.2raisedPersonal Conduct

Mitigating

E2.A3.1.3.1appliedForeign Preference
E2.A3.1.3.4appliedForeign Preference
E2.A3.1.3.2appliedForeign Preference

Key Rule Quoted

“"When such an individual intentionally falsifies material facts on a security clearance application, it is extremely difficult to conclude that he or she nevertheless possesses the good judgment, reliability and trustworthiness required of clearance holders."”

Procedural Posture

SOR issuedMay 19, 2004
Answer filedJul 8, 2004
Hearing heldFeb 25, 2005
Decision dateJun 22, 2005

Cite For

Disqualifying Conditions Related to Foreign Influence Under Guideline B
Disqualifying Conditions Related to Foreign Preference Under Guideline C
Disqualifying Conditions Related to Personal Conduct Under Guideline E

Editorial summary generated for research. Not legal advice; not a prediction. Verify against the full decision before relying on any quoted language.

Standardized Decision Profile

SEAD-4 Guideline B (Foreign Influence) · descriptive summary of a decided case

Posture: Decision on RecordDecided: denied

The judge found against the applicant under Guideline B due to significant ties to Egypt, including family members who are citizens and residents there. The applicant's failure to disclose foreign property and military service on his Security Clearance Application contributed to the denial of his security clearance.

U.S. ties the decision noted: Naturalized U.S. Citizen · U.S. Spouse or Partner · U.S. Children · U.S. Home or Property · U.S. Career or Business

¶	Allegation	Finding	Relationship	Country	Response	Disqualifying (¶7)	Mitigating applied (¶8)	Mitigation
1.a	Applicant's five siblings are citizens and residents of Egypt.	Against Applicant	Sibling in Foreign Country Immediate Family	Egypt	Denied	(a) contact with a foreign family member/associate/friend creating a heightened risk of exploitation	—	—
1.b	Applicant's mother-in-law and father-in-law are citizens and residents of Egypt.	Against Applicant	In Law in Foreign Country Immediate Family	Egypt	Denied	(a) contact with a foreign family member/associate/friend creating a heightened risk of exploitation	—	—
1.c	Applicant has an ownership interest in an apartment in Egypt.	Against Applicant	Foreign Real Estate Financial or Property Interest	Egypt	Denied	(a) contact with a foreign family member/associate/friend creating a heightened risk of exploitation	—	—
1.d	Applicant served in the Egyptian military for about a year.	Against Applicant	Foreign Employment or Pension Other GOVT-AFFILIATED	Egypt	Denied	(a) contact with a foreign family member/associate/friend creating a heightened risk of exploitation	—	—

Descriptive standardized rendering of a decided public case (Guideline B). The verbatim source decision is shown in full below.

Standardized Decision Profile

SEAD-4 Guideline C (Foreign Preference) · descriptive summary of a decided case

Posture: Decision on RecordDecided: denied

The judge found that the applicant retained and used his Egyptian passport after becoming a U.S. citizen, which raised concerns under Guideline C. However, the applicant's Egyptian citizenship was based solely on birth, he expressed a willingness to renounce it, and his military service occurred before he became a U.S. citizen. Therefore, the judge ruled in favor of the applicant under Guideline C.

¶	Allegation	Finding	Type	Response	Disqualifying (¶10)	Mitigating applied (¶11)	Mitigation
1.a	After he became a United States citizen in 1986, applicant retained and used his Egyptian passport.	For Applicant	Foreign Passport Possession or Use	Admitted	(a) applying for and/or acquiring citizenship in any other country (b) failure to report, or fully disclose when required, possession of a passport or identity card issued by any country other than the U.S.	(a) the foreign citizenship is not in conflict with U.S. national security interests (c) the individual has expressed a willingness to renounce the foreign citizenship that is in conflict with U.S. national security interests	Claimed Other
1.b	Applicant served in the Egyptian military.	For Applicant	Foreign Military or Government Service	Admitted	(c) failure to use a U.S. passport when entering or exiting the U.S.	(c) the individual has expressed a willingness to renounce the foreign citizenship that is in conflict with U.S. national security interests	Claimed Other
1.c	Applicant's Egyptian citizenship is based solely on his birth in that country.	For Applicant	Failure to Renounce or Surrender Foreign Status	Admitted	—	(a) the foreign citizenship is not in conflict with U.S. national security interests	Claimed Other

Descriptive standardized rendering of a decided public case (Guideline C). The verbatim source decision is shown in full below.

Standardized Decision Profile

SEAD-4 Guideline E (Personal Conduct) · descriptive summary of a decided case

Posture: Decision on RecordDecided: denied

The judge found against the applicant under Guideline E due to intentional falsifications on a security clearance application regarding foreign ties. The applicant's lack of honesty in disclosing material facts raised significant concerns about his trustworthiness and reliability.

¶	Allegation	Finding	Conduct	Concealed Issue	Response	Disqualifying (¶16)	Mitigating applied (¶17)	Mitigation
2.a	On the Security Clearance Application (SCA), applicant responded "no" to the question: "Do you have any foreign property, business connections, or financial interests?" This response was false because he had an ownership interest in an apartment in Egypt, and had a long-term lease on another apartment in Egypt.	Against Applicant	Falsification Security FormFOUND DELIBERATE	Foreign Contacts or Interests	Denied	(b) deliberately providing false information to an investigator or official	—	—
2.b	On the SCA, applicant responded "no" to the question regarding military service, despite having served in the Egyptian military for about a year.	Against Applicant	Falsification Security FormFOUND DELIBERATE	—	Denied	(b) deliberately providing false information to an investigator or official	—	—
2.c	On the SCA, applicant provided a false response to the question about having an active passport issued by a foreign government, responding "no" when he had an active Egyptian passport during the specified time.	Against Applicant	Falsification Security FormFOUND DELIBERATE	—	Denied	(b) deliberately providing false information to an investigator or official	—	—

Descriptive standardized rendering of a decided public case (Guideline E). The verbatim source decision is shown in full below.

Full decision

The complete, official text — footnotes and signatures included — is in the original PDF.

Decision text, by section

DEFENSE OFFICE OF HEARINGS AND APPEALS

HEARING

SYNOPSIS

KEYWORD: Foreign Influence; Foreign Preference; Personal Conduct

DIGEST: Although applicant has lived in the United States since 1980, he maintains significant ties to Egypt. In addition, he did not respond truthfully to questions dealing with his ties to Egypt on a Security Clearance Application (SCA). Clearance is denied.

CASENO: 03-22831.h1

DATE: 06/22/2005

DATE: June 22, 2005

In Re:

----------------

SSN: -----------

Applicant for Security Clearance

ISCR Case No. 03-22831

DECISION OF ADMINISTRATIVE JUDGE

JOSEPH TESTAN

APPEARANCES

SYNOPSIS

Although applicant has lived in the United States since 1980, he maintains significant ties to Egypt. In addition, he did not respond truthfully to questions dealing with his ties to Egypt on a Security Clearance Application (SCA). Clearance is denied.

STATEMENT OF CASE

On May 19, 2004, the Defense Office of Hearings and Appeals (DOHA), pursuant to Executive Order 10865 and Department of Defense Directive 5220.6 (Directive), dated January 2, 1992, (as administratively reissued on April 20,1999), issued a Statement of Reasons (SOR) to applicant which detailed reasons why DOHA could not make the preliminary affirmative finding under the Directive that it is clearly consistent with the national interest to grant or continue a security clearance for applicant and recommended referral to an Administrative Judge to determine whether clearance should be denied or revoked.

Applicant responded to the SOR in writing on July 8, 2004. The case was assigned to the undersigned on September 10, 2004. A Notice of Hearing was issued on February 1, 2005, and the hearing was held on February 25, 2005. Following the hearing, applicant submitted a five page packet of documents. These documents, and Department Counsel's March 10, 2005 letter indicating he has no objection to applicant's post-hearing submission, were marked as Exhibit F and admitted into evidence. The transcript was received on March 8, 2005.

FINDINGS OF FACT

Applicant is 52 years of age. He has been employed by the same defense contractor for 15 years.

Applicant was born and raised in Egypt. In 1980, he left Egypt and moved to the United States. He came here to continue his education and "to get a better life" (TR at 44). In 1986, he became a United States citizen.

Applicant and his wife were married in Egypt in 1980. Three of their four children were born in the United States; the fourth was born in Egypt in the late 1980s. The wife, and the child who was born in Egypt, became naturalized United States citizens in 1990.

Applicant has five siblings. These three sisters and two brothers are citizens and residents of Egypt. One of his brothers, who is now about 58 years of age, was a senior officer in the Egyptian military. Applicant believes he was the equivalent of a Colonel, and that he retired three or four years ago. They are reasonably close (TR at 51-52). Applicant telephones his siblings on a rotating basis once every two or three weeks.

Applicant's mother-in-law and father-in-law are citizens and residents of Egypt. The father-in-law is a former employee of the Egyptian government. He retired about 20 years ago. Applicant's wife has no family living in the United States.

When he was living in Egypt in the late 1970s, applicant purchased an apartment for approximately $20,000.00. Applicant testified that the apartment building was never completed. He further testified that, although he never "check[ed] with anyone to see if [he still had an] ownership interest," he eventually formed the opinion that his money was lost. When he heard that this potential interest in the apartment could jeopardize his clearance, he wrote a letter (1) giving his interest to his sister and mailed the letter to the sister. (Exhibit C; TR at 58-60).

Applicant rented an apartment in Egypt in the 1970s. Applicant testified that he did so because he was planning to get married and apartments are very scarce in Egypt (TR at 60-61). Applicant still has the apartment. He uses it when he and his family visit Egypt. It costs him about $100.00 a year in rent, far cheaper than a hotel room would cost him. Applicant testified that he would give up the apartment if it jeopardized his security clearance (TR at 62).

Applicant obtained a United States passport a month after he became a United States citizen. He has traveled to Egypt on at least three occasions since he became a United States citizen. While traveling to Egypt on one or more of these trips, he used his Egyptian passport "in conjunction with the United States passport" when entering Egypt (TR at 64). He did so to avoid the requirement that he register with the Egyptian government. In 2004, he mailed the passport to Egyptian authorities. The passport was marked "cancelled" and mailed back to applicant. In February 2005 he mailed it back to Egyptian authorities. (Exhibits B and F; TR at 64-65).

Applicant offered into evidence a letter he sent to the Egyptian consulate in early 2005 renouncing his citizenship (Exhibit A). The letter has no identifying information on it (e.g., date of birth, place of birth) other than applicant's name, and there is no evidence indicating that Egyptian authorities acted on the letter. This letter, and applicant's testimony (TR at 68-69), support a finding that applicant has expressed a willingness to renounce his Egyptian citizenship; however, this evidence does not support a finding that applicant is no longer an Egyptian citizen.

Applicant completed and executed an SCA in March 2001 (Exhibit 1). On said SCA, applicant responded "no" to the following question: "Do you have any foreign property, business connections, or financial interests?" Applicant's response was false because, as noted above, at the time he executed the SCA, he had an ownership interest in an apartment in Egypt, and had a long-term lease on another apartment in Egypt. Applicant denies he intended to deceive the Government. He testified that when he executed the SCA, the apartment that he owned was not on his mind. He further testified that had it been on his mind, he believes he would have called the security department for advice on how to respond to the question. With respect to the apartment he rents, it was on his mind, but he did not believe this was a "financial interest" (TR at 74-76). (He offered no credible testimony regarding why the rented apartment did not qualify as "foreign property.") Had this "no" response been applicant's only falsification, his denial of an attempt to deceive may have been credible. However, considering the fact he provided false responses to two other questions dealing with his ties to Egypt (see below), his denial is not credible. Accordingly, I find that applicant intentionally provided the false response in an attempt to conceal his foreign financial interests and/or foreign property interests from the Government.

On the same SCA, applicant responded "no" to Question 11, which appeared on the SCA as follows:

11. Your Military History

Have you ever served in the military? (If yes, provide in chronological order your military history: begin with the most recent period and include Reserves, National Guard, Merchant Marines and Foreign Military service.)

Applicant's "no" response to Question 11 was false because he had served in the Egyptian military for about a year while he was in his twenties. Applicant testified that he did not intend to conceal his foreign military service. He further testified that when he read the question, in his mind it was "talking about military service in the United States" (TR at 76-78). He later testified that he thought it was referring to serving in the United States military, but serving overseas (TR at 93). Applicant's explanations were not credible. Accordingly, I find that applicant intentionally provided the false response. Although not alleged, on the same SCA, applicant provided a false response to Question 15, which asked: "In the last 7 years, have you had an active passport that was issued by a foreign government?" Applicant responded "no," when in fact he had an active Egyptian passport during the specified time. (2)

A manager at applicant's place of employment appeared at the hearing. He testified that he worked with applicant for about nine years, two years as a colleague and seven years as applicant's manager. He further testified that applicant is a dedicated and conscientious employee who is extremely honest and extremely loyal to the United States.

An individual who has worked closely with applicant during the past ten years appeared at the hearing and testified that applicant is highly competent, highly dependable, honest, and loyal to the United States.

An officer in the United States military appeared at the hearing and testified that he has worked with applicant during the past two and one-half years. He further testified that applicant is competent and dedicated to his job, truthful, and in the witness's opinion, loyal to the United States.

CONCLUSION

With respect to Guideline B, the evidence establishes that applicant's five siblings are citizens and residents of Egypt. This fact requires application of Disqualifying Condition E2.A2.1.2.1 (an immediate family member . . . is a citizen of, or resident or present in, a foreign country).

Once the Government established the applicability of Disqualifying Condition E2.A2.1.2.1, the burden shifted to applicant to establish that Mitigating Condition E2.A2.1.3.1 (a determination that the immediate family member is not an agent of a foreign power, or in a position to be exploited by a foreign power in a way that could force the individual to choose between loyalty to the person(s) involved and the United States) is applicable. Applicant failed to meet his burden. With respect to applicant's brother who was an officer in the Egyptian military, although applicant testified he is retired, this is insufficient evidence to establish the brother is no longer an agent of Egypt. Given the brother's status as a senior officer when he retired, and his relatively young age at the present time, it would be naive to conclude with any degree of certainty that the brother is no longer associated with the Egyptian military. In addition, the evidence does not establish that applicant's immediate family members are not in a position to be exploited by Egypt in a way that could force applicant to choose between loyalty to the United States and loyalty to his immediate family members. Based on the foregoing, Guideline B is found against applicant. With respect to Guideline C, the evidence establishes that after he became a United States citizen in 1986, applicant retained and used his Egyptian passport. This fact requires application of Disqualifying Conditions E2.A3.1.2.1 (the exercise of dual citizenship), and E2.A3.1.2.2 (possession and/or use of a foreign passport). In addition, Disqualifying Condition E2.A3.1.2.3 (3) applies because applicant served in the Egyptian military.

In mitigation, applicant's Egyptian citizenship is based solely on his birth in that country, he has expressed a willingness to renounce it, he has surrendered his Egyptian passport, and his Egyptian military service occurred before he became a United States citizen. Accordingly, he qualifies for Mitigating Conditions E2.A3.1.3.1 (dual citizenship is based solely on birth in a foreign country), E2.A3.1.3.4 (individual has expressed a willingness to renounce dual citizenship), and E2.A3.1.3.2 (foreign military service occurred before obtaining United States citizenship). Based on the foregoing, and the fact applicant has not shown a preference for Egypt over the United States since arriving in the United States 25 years ago, Guideline C is found for applicant.

With respect to Guideline E, the Government has alleged and proven that applicant intentionally provided false material information in response to two questions on an SCA. These falsifications of material facts about his ties to Egypt on the SCA are extremely troubling. The Government relies heavily on the honesty and integrity of individuals seeking access to our nation's secrets. When such an individual intentionally falsifies material facts on a security clearance application, it is extremely difficult to conclude that he or she nevertheless possesses the good judgment, reliability and trustworthiness required of clearance holders. Applicant's intentional falsifications require application of Disqualifying Condition E2.A5.1.2.2 (the deliberate omission, concealment, or falsification of relevant and material facts from any personnel security questionnaire . . .). No Mitigating Conditions apply.

I have considered the testimony of applicant's witnesses that applicant is honest and truthful. However, because there is no credible evidence that any of these witnesses are aware of applicant's SCA falsifications, I cannot give this testimony much weight. Based on the foregoing, Guideline E is found against applicant.

FORMAL FINDINGS

GUIDELINE B: AGAINST THE APPLICANT

GUIDELINE C: FOR THE APPLICANT

GUIDELINE E: AGAINST THE APPLICANT

DECISION

In light of all the circumstances presented by the record in this case, it is not clearly consistent with the national interest to grant or continue a security clearance for applicant.

____________________________

Joseph Testan

Administrative Judge

1. The letter was written in 2004.

2. Applicant's Egyptian passport did not expire until1996.

3. "Military Service or a willingness to bear arms for a foreign country."

FOOTNOTES

FOR GOVERNMENT Edward W. Loughran, Department Counsel file:///usr.osd.mil/...yComputer/Desktop/DOHA%20transfer/DOHA-Kane/dodogc/doha/industrial/Archived%20-%20HTML/03-22831.h1.htm[7/2/2021 3:16:19 PM] FOR APPLICANT Jack H. Robbins, Esq.