ISCR Case No. 03-25417.h1

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ÝÝ ÝÔ_ ÔKEYWORD:€Foreign€Preference;€Financial;€Personal€ConductÐ ÐDIGEST:€Applicant,€a€dual€citizen€of€the€U.€S.€and€Israel, €is€employed€by€a€major€defense€company€as€a€senior€project€manager.€€In€1995,€he€obtained€an€IsraeliÐ ìì Ðpassport€which€expired€in€2000,€and€which€has€not€been€renewed.€€Applicant€and€his€family€lived€in€Israel€from€1993€to€1995,€for€cultural€and€religiousÐ Ø Ø Ðpurposes.€ €He€filed€an€amended€1993€state€tax€return€requesting€to€pay€the€balance€owed€in€installment€payments€but€received€no€response€from€the€state€taxÐ Ä Ä Ðagency.€€The€totality€of€the€facts€and€circumstances€show€that€Applicant's€connections€to€Israel€do€not€indicate€an€unacceptable€risk€of€foreign€preference€underÐ ° ° ÐGuideline€C, €that€the€allegations€of€financial€concerns€under€Guideline€F€have€been€mitigated,€and€the€allegations€€of€personal€conduct€concerns€underÐ œ œ ÐÔ_ ÔGuidelineEÔ_ Ô€did€not€exist.€€Clearance€is€granted.Ð ˆ ˆ ÐÔ_ ÔCASENOÔ_ Ô€03-25417.h1Ð t t ÐDATE:€03/10/2005Ð ` ` ÐDATE:€€March€10,€2005Ð L L Ðß A€ ) ° ° x dtEx 2AßÐ 8 8 ÐIn€re:€Ð ( ( ÐÐ ÐÌ------------------Ð ì ì ÐÔ_ ÔSSNÔ_ Ô:€-----------Ð Ø Ø ÐÐ ÐÌApplicant€for€Security€ClearanceÐ œ œ ÐÐ ÐÌß A€ ) ° ° x dtExÈ 2AßÐ ` ` ЀÔ_ ÔISCRÔ_ Ô€Case€No.€03-25417€Ð P P ÐÐ ÐÐ ÐÐ ÐÌò òÓ ÓÓ ÓDECISION€OF€ADMINISTRATIVE€JUDGEÐ ì ì Ðó óÌò òCHRISTOPHER€GRAHAMÐ Ä Ä Ðó óÐ ÐÐ ÐÐ ÐÐ ÐÌò òAPPEARANCESÐ L L # Ðó óÐ ÐÐ ÐÌò òFOR€GOVERNMENTó óÐ ü#ü#' ÐÌJason€Perry,€Esq.,€Department€CounselÐ Ô%Ô%) ÐÐ ÐÐ ÐÌò òFOR€APPLICANTó óÐ ")")- ÐÌD.€Edward€Wilson,€Jr.,€Esq.Ð \+\+/ ÐÓ ÓÓ ÓÐ ÐÐ ÐÐ ÐÐ ÐÌò òÓ ÓSYNOPSISÐ ä0ä05 ÐÓ Óó óÐ Ð1Ð16 ÐÔ_ ÔÐ ÐÌ€€€€€€€€€€€€Applicant,€a€dual€citizen€of€the€U.€S.€and€Israel,€is€employed€by€a€major€defense€company€as€a€senior€project€manager.€€In€1995,€he€obtained€an€IsraeliÐ Ø Ø Ðpassport€which€expired€in€2000,€and€which€has€not€been€renewed.€ €Applicant€and€his€family€lived€in€Israel€from€1993€to€1995,€for€cultural€and€religiousÐ Ä Ä Ðpurposes.€€He€filed€an€amended€1993€state€tax€return€requesting€to€pay€the€balance€owed€in€installment€payments€but€received€no€response€from€the€state€taxÐ ° ° Ðagency.€ €The€totality€of€the€facts€and€circumstances€show€that€Applicant's€connections€to€Israel€do€not€indicate€an€unacceptable€risk€of€foreign€preference€underÐ œ œ ÐGuideline€C,€that€the€allegations€of€financial€concerns€under€Guideline€F€have€been€mitigated,€and€the€allegations€€of€personal€conduct€concerns€underÐ ˆ ˆ ÐGuideline€E€did€not€exist.€ €Clearance€is€granted.Ð t t ÐÓ Óò òSTATEMENT€OF€THE€CASEÐ ` ` ÐÓ Óó óÐ ÐÐ ÐÌOn€August€19,€2004,€the€Defense€Office€of€Hearings€and€Appeals€(DOHA),€issued€a€Statement€of€Reasons€(SOR)€to€Applicant€alleging€facts€which€raiseÐ Ðsecurity€concerns€under€Guideline€C€(Foreign€Preference), €Guideline€F€(Financial€Considerations),€and€E€(Personal€Conduct).€€€The€SOR€detailed€reasons€whyÐ ü ü ÐDOHA€could€not€find€that€it€is€clearly€in€the€national€interest€to€grant€or€continue€a€security€clearance.Ô4 ‚ Ý H ÔÝ ‚ ? › ÝÔ ÿ Ôò òÝ ÝÔ5 Ôò ò€(1)ó óÔ6 r ÔÝ ‚ ? › † ƒ ÝÔ ÿ Ôó óÝ ÝÔ7 Ý ò ´ ÔÐ è è ÐÐ ÐÌò òó óIn€a€sworn€written€statement,€dated€September€10,€2004,€Applicant€answered€the€SOR€(Answer)€and€elected€to€have€his€case€decided€on€the€written€record€inÐ ¬ ¬ Ðlieu€of€a€hearing.€Department€Counsel€submitted€a€€file€of€relevant€material€(FORM)€in€support€of€the€government's€preliminary€decision,€a€copy€of€which€wasÐ ˜ ˜ Ðreceived€by€Applicant€on€November€19,€2004.€Applicant€was€afforded€the€opportunity€to€file€objections€and€submit€material€in€refutation,€extenuation,€orÐ " " Ðmitigation€by€December€19,€2004.€Applicant€€submitted€a€response€to€the€FORM€through€his€counsel€by€letter€dated€December€20,€2004.€€On€January€6,€2005,Ð p p ÐDepartment€Counsel's€memo€stated€no€objection€€to€the€materials€submitted€by€Applicant's€counsel.€€The€case€was€previously€assigned€to€another€administrativeÐ \ \ Ðjudge€on€January€19,€2005,€but€was€reassigned€to€me€on€February€17,€2005,€due€to€caseload€considerations.ò òó óÐ H H ÐÐ ÐÐ ÐÐ ÐÌò òÓ ÓFINDINGS€OF€FACTÐ ä ä ÐÓ Óó óÐ ÐÐ ÐÌApplicant€has€admitted€to€two€of€eight€€factual€allegations€pertaining€to€foreign€preference€under€Guideline€C,€and€denied€the€SOR€allegations€under€GuidelinesÐ ” ” ÐF€and€E.€His€admissions€are€incorporated€herein€as€findings€of€fact. ÝÔ5 €After€a€thorough€review€of€the€record€as€a€whole,€I€make€the€following€additional€findingsÐ € € Ðof€fact:Ð l l ! ÐÐ ÐÌApplicant€is€a€58-year-old€employee€of€a€federal€contractor.€He€is€married€and€the€father€of€two€children.Ô4 ‚ Ý *! ÔÝ ‚ ? › ÝÔ ÿ Ôò òÝ Ôò ò€(2)ó óÔ6 Ä ÔÝ ‚ ? › Ø ƒ ÝÔ ÿ Ôó óÝ ÝÔ7 Ý Ô! Ô€€He€and€his€wife€are€native-born€American€citizens.Ð 0!0!$ ÐHis€wife€is€Jewish,€and€was€entitled€to€and€did€establish€dual€citizenship€in€Israel.€€The€family€moved€to€Israel€in€September€1993,€as€Applicant€wanted€toÐ " "% Ðprovide€his€children€the€cultural€and€religious€experience€of€living€in€the€Holy€Land.Ô4 ‚ Ý Æ ÔÝ ‚ ? › ÝÔ ÿ Ôò òÝ ÝÔ5 Ôò ò€(3)ó óÔ6 À ÔÝ ‚ ? › Ô ƒ ÝÔ ÿ Ôó óÝ ÝÔ7 Ý p Ô€€He€applied€for€and€received€an€Israeli€passport€on€April€1,€1995,€whichÐ # #& Ðexpired€in€2000€and€has€not€been€renewed.€ €Applicant's€children€were€aged€12€and€8€when€they€moved€to€Israel.€€Applicant€established€residency€in€Israel€so€hisÐ ô#ô#' Ðchildren€could€explore€their€Jewish€heritage€and€to€more€fully€integrate€into€and€understand€the€Israeli€people€and€culture.€€In€a€1996€statement€ApplicantÐ à$à$( Ðexpressed€the€opinion€that€he€and€his€wife€might€return€to€live€in€Israel€once€his€children€completed€their€education.Ô4 ‚ Ý Ž$ ÔÝ ‚ ? › ÝÔ ÿ Ôò òÝ ÝÔ5 Ôò ò€(4)ó óÔ6 ¥ ÔÝ ‚ ? › ¹ ƒ ÝÔ ÿ Ôó óÝ ÝÔ7 Ý 8%ç Ô€€He€has€since€changed€his€mind.Ô4 ‚ Ý p/ ÔÝ ‚ ? › ÝÔ ÿ Ôò òÝ ÝÔ5 Ôò ò€(5)ó óÔ6 r ÔÝ ‚ ? › † ƒ ÝÔ ÿ Ôó óÝ ÝÔ7 Ý 0´ Ô€€HeÐ Ì%Ì%) Ðstated€that€as€an€Israeli€citizen€living€in€Israel,€he€would€bear€arms€for€Israel€if€required€but€would€never€do€so€against€the€United€States.€€When€he€lived€inÐ ¸&¸&* ÐIsrael,€he€made€an€inquiry€about€military€service€but€was€told€he€was€too€old.Ô4 ‚ Ý v ÔÝ ‚ ? › ÝÔ ÿ Ôò òÝ ÝÔ5 Ôò ò€(6)ó óÔ6 ; ÔÝ ‚ ? › O ƒ ÝÔ ÿ Ôó óÝ ÝÔ7 Ý } Ô€He€has€no€family€or€close€friends€in€Israel,€has€not€visited€Israel€since€leaving€inÐ ¤'¤'+ Ð1995,€has€not€pursued€any€employment€opportunities€there€and€has€no€intention€of€returning€to€live€in€Israel.Ô4 ‚ Ý ÔÝ ‚ ? › ÝÔ ÿ Ôò òÝ ÝÔ5 Ôò ò€(7)ó óÔ6 ¿ ÔÝ ‚ ? › Ó ƒ ÝÔ ÿ Ôó óÝ ÝÔ7 Ý ÔÐ ( (, ÐÐ ÐÌNotwithstanding€the€positive€family€experience€of€living€in€Jerusalem€for€two€years,€Applicant€felt€it€important€to€return€to€the€U.€S.€for€regular€employment€asÐ T+T+/ Ðthe€family€had€been€living€on€savings.€€His€children€had€realized€the€benefits€of€living€in€Israel€and€they€were€about€to€enter€high€school€and€junior€high€school.Ð @,@,0 ÐApplicant€and€his€wife€felt€the€children€would€receive€a€better€secondary€education€in€the€U.€S.,€and€that€it€was€important€to€resume€close€ties€with€friends€andÐ ,-,-1 Ðfamily€in€the€U.€S.Ô4 ‚ Ý ÔÝ ‚ ? › ÝÔ ÿ Ôò òÝ ÝÔ5 Ôò ò€(8)ó óÔ6 È" ÔÝ ‚ ? › Ü"ƒ ÝÔ ÿ Ôó óÝ ÝÔ7 Ý # ԀР. .2 ÐÐ ÐÌDuring€Applicant's€time€in€Israel€and€for€some€period€of€time€after€returning€to€the€U.€S.€,€he€was€without€work€for€a€total€of€40€months.€€His€savings€andÐ Ü0Ü05 Ðretirement€accounts€were€depleted. €Applicant€voluntarily€wrote€the€state€taxing€authority€with€his€amended€return€admitting€he€owed€additional€taxes€upon€theÐ È1È16 Ðsale€of€a€house€for€the€capital€gains€he€had€not€reinvested€within€the€required€time.€€The€state€never€responded€to€his€request€to€pay€in€installments,€even€thoughÐ Ðhis€then€current€address€was€on€the€letter€and€the€return€receipt€for€that€letter.Ô4 ‚ Ý ÔÝ ‚ ? › ÝÔ ÿ Ôò òÝ ÝÔ5 Ôò ò€(9)ó óÔ6 & ÔÝ ‚ ? › &ƒ ÝÔ ÿ Ôó óÝ ÝÔ7 Ý I& Ô€€Applicant€was€never€notified€of€a€tax€lien€and€received€neither€a€reply€to€hisÐ ìì Ðefforts€to€pay,€nor€any€subsequent€request€to€pay.€ €Further,€after€the€lien€was€filed€in€August€1998,€the€state€made€no€effort€to€contact€him€even€though€he€filedÐ Ø Ø Ðreturns€for€1998€and€1999€showing€a€current€address€in€that€state.Ô4 ‚ Ý ÔÝ ‚ ? › ÝÔ ÿ Ôò òÝ ÝÔ5 Ôò ò€(10)ó óÔ6 ( ÔÝ ‚ ? › &(ƒ ÝÔ ÿ Ôó óÝ ÝÔ7 Ý T( Ô€ €At€some€point€the€state€seized€an€investment€account€of€Applicant's€that€satisfied€the€lien.Ô4 ‚ Ý ÔÝ ‚ ? › ÝÔ ÿ Ôò òÝ ÝÔ5 Ôò òÐ Ä Ä Ð(11)ó óÔ6 ) ÔÝ ‚ ? › 2)ƒ ÝÔ ÿ Ôó óÝ ÝÔ7 Ý ‚ ? › ²*ƒ ÝÔ ÿ Ôó óÝ ÝÔ7 Ý à* ԀРœ œ ÐÐ `) Ô€His€counsel€made€inquiry€to€the€state€taxing€authority€and€learned€that€the€lien€terminated€in€March€2004,€and€was€released€of€record€by€the€state€onÐ ° ° ÐNovember€22,€2004€.Ô4 ‚ Ý ÔÝ ‚ ? › ÝÔ ÿ Ôò òÝ ÝÔ5 Ôò ò€(12)ó óÔ6 ž* ÔÝ ÐÌApplicant's€recent€credit€report€does€not€indicate€he€is€overextended€financially.€€He€is€current€with€his€obligations.Ô4 ‚ Ý ÔÝ ‚ ? › ÝÔ ÿ Ôò òÝ ÝÔ5 Ôò ò€(13)ó óÔ6 é+ ÔÝ ‚ ? › ý+ƒ ÝÔ ÿ Ôó óÝ ÝÔ7 Ý +, ÔÐ ` ` ÐApplicant's€employer€had€these€observations€about€him:€"[Applicant] €has€worked€as€one€of€our€senior€program€managers€for€over€3€years€as€the€leader€of€one€ofÐ L L Ðour€most€complex€mission€critical€programs.€[He]€has€demonstrated€his€integrity,€dedication€and€personal€commitment€to€this€secure€and€highly€dynamicÐ 8 8 Ðenvironment.€€I€completely€trust€[him]€and€admire€his€commitment€and€personal€sacrifice€to€the€continue[d] €success€of€the€program....€[Applicant]€has€earnedÐ $ $ Ðthe€trust€of€the€Government,€his€management€and€his€staff....€[He]€lives€within€his€means€and€has€demonstrated€a€commitment€towards€his€family....has€anÐ Ðextremely€positive€tendency€towards€outreach€to€the€world-wide€community€that€I€personally€admire.... €I€completely€trust€him€with€regard€to€protection€of€anyÐ ü ü Ðinformation€with€which€he€is€entrusted."Ô4 ‚ Ý ÔÝ ‚ ? › ÝÔ ÿ Ôò òÝ ÝÔ5 Ôò ò€(17)ó óÔ6 @0 ÔÝ ‚ ? › T0ƒ ÝÔ ÿ Ôó óÝ ÝÔ7 Ý ‚0 ÔÐ è è ÐÐ ÐÐ ÐÐ ÐÌÓ Óò òPOLICIESó óÐ " " ÐÓ ÓÐ ÐÐ ÐÌThe€Directive€sets€forth€adjudicative€guidelinesÔ4 ‚ Ý ÔÝ ‚ ? › ÝÔ ÿ Ôò òÝ ÝÔ5 Ôò ò€(18)ó óÔ6 ·1 ÔÝ ‚ ? › Ë1ƒ ÝÔ ÿ Ôó óÝ ÝÔ7 Ý ù1 Ô€to€be€considered€in€evaluating€an€Applicant's€suitability€for€access€to€classified€information.€TheÐ 4 4 ÐAdministrative€Judge€must€take€into€account€both€disqualifying€and€mitigating€conditions€under€each€adjudicative€issue€applicable€to€the€facts€andÐ Ðcircumstances€of€each€case.€€Each€decision€must€also€reflect€a€fair€and€impartial€common€sense€consideration€of€the€factors€listed€in€ð ð€6.3€of€the€Directive:Ð Ðnature€and€seriousness€of€the€conduct€and€surrounding€circumstances;€frequency€and€recency€of€the€conduct;€age€of€the€Applicant;€motivation€of€the€applicant,Ð ø ø Ðand€the€extent€to€which€the€conduct€was€negligent,€wilful,€voluntary,€or€undertaken€with€knowledge€of€the€consequences€involved;€absence€or€presence€ofÐ ä ä Ðrehabilitation; €and€probability€that€the€circumstances€or€conduct€will€continue€or€recur€in€the€future.€The€presence€or€absence€of€a€disqualifying€or€mitigatingÐ Ð Ð Ðcondition€is€not€determinative€of€a€conclusion€for€or€against€an€Applicant.€However,€specific€applicable€guidelines€should€be€followed€whenever€a€case€can€beÐ ¼ ¼ Ðmeasured€against€them€as€they€represent€policy€guidance€governing€the€grant€or€denial€of€access€to€classified€information.€Ð ¨ ¨ ÐÐ ÐÌHaving€considered€the€SOR€allegations€and€having€reviewed€the€record€evidence€as€a€whole,€I€conclude€the€relevant€adjudicative€guidelines€to€be€applied€hereÐ l l ! Ðare€those€concerns,€listed€as€follows:€Guideline€C€ (foreign€preference),€Directive,ð ð€E2.A3.1.1.€When€an€individual€acts€in€such€a€way€as€to€indicate€a€preferenceÐ X X " Ðfor€a€foreign€country€over€the€United€Sates,€then€he€or€she€may€be€prone€to€provide€information€or€make€decisions€that€are€harmful€to€the€interests€of€the€UnitedÐ D D # ÐStates;€Guideline€F€(financial€considerations),€Directive, €ð ð€E2.A6.1.1.€An€individual€who€is€financially€overextended€is€at€risk€of€having€to€engage€in€illegal€actsÐ 0!0!$ Ðto€generate€funds.€€Unexplained€affluence€is€often€linked€to€proceeds€from€financially€profitable€criminal€acts;€and€Guideline€E€(personal€conduct,€Directive,€ð ðÐ " "% ÐE2.A5.1.1.€Conduct€involving€questionable€judgment,€untrustworthiness,€unreliability, €lack€of€candor,€dishonesty,€or€unwillingness€to€comply€with€rules€andÐ # #& Ðregulations€could€indicate€that€the€person€may€not€properly€safeguard€classified€information.€Ð ô#ô#' ÐÐ ÐÌò òó óÐ ÐÐ ÐÐ ÐÐ ÐÌò òÓ ÓBURDEN€OF€PROOFÐ T+T+/ ÐÓ Óó óÐ ÐÐ ÐÌ€€€€€ €€€€€€€A€security€clearance€decision€is€intended€to€resolve€whether€it€is€clearly€consistent€with€the€national€interestÔ4 ‚ Ý ÔÝ ‚ ? › ÝÔ ÿ Ôò òÝ ÝÔ5 Ôò ò€(19)ó óÔ6 ¬= ÔÝ ‚ ? › À= ÝÔ ÿ Ôó óÝ ÝÔ7 ÝÔ5 î= Ô€for€an€Applicant€to€either€receive€orÐ / /3 Ðcontinue€to€have€access€to€classified€information. €The€government€bears€an€initial€burden€of€proving,€by€something€less€than€a€preponderance€of€the€evidence,Ð ð/ð/4 Ðcontroverted€facts€alleged€in€the€SOR.€If€the€government€meets€its€burden,€it€establishes€a€prima€facie€case€that€it€is€not€clearly€consistent€with€the€nationalÐ Ü0Ü05 Ðinterest€for€the€Applicant€to€have€access€to€classified€information. €The€burden€then€shifts€to€the€Applicant€to€refute,€extenuate€or€mitigate€the€Government'sÐ È1È16 Ðcase.€Because€no€one€has€a€"right"€to€a€security€clearance,€the€Applicant€bears€a€heavy€burden€of€persuasion.Ô4 ‚ ÝÔ5 ÔÝ ‚ ? › ÝÔ ÿ Ôò òÝ ÝÔ5 Ôò ò€(20)ó óÔ6 A ÔÝ ‚ ? › 0A ÝÔ ÿ Ôó óÝ ÝÔ7 ÝÔ5 ^A ÔÐ ÐÐ ÐÌA€person€who€has€access€to€classified€information€enters€into€a€fiduciary€relationship€with€the€Government€based€on€trust€and€confidence.€The€Government,Ð Ä Ä Ðtherefore,€has€a€compelling€interest€in€ensuring€each€Applicant€possesses€the€requisite€judgment,€reliability€and€trustworthiness€of€one€who€will€protect€theÐ ° ° Ðnational€interests€as€his€or€her€own.€The€"clearly€consistent€with€the€national€interest"€standard€compels€resolution€of€any€reasonable€doubt€about€an€Applicant'sÐ œ œ Ðsuitability€for€access€in€favor€of€the€Government.Ô4 ‚ ÝÔ5 ÔÝ ‚ ? › ÝÔ ÿ Ôò òÝ ÝÔ5 Ôò ò€(21)ó óÔ6 8D ÔÝ ‚ ? › LD ÝÔ ÿ Ôó óÝ ÝÔ7 ÝÔ5 $ $ ÐÓ Óó óÐ ÐÐ ÐÌò ò1.€€Foreign€preference€Guidelineó óÐ Ô Ô ÐÐ zD ÔÐ ˆ ˆ ÐÐ ÐÐ ÐÐ ÐÌò òÓ ÓCONCLUSIONSÐ ÐÌThe€Government€has€established€its€prima€facie€case€under€Guideline€C€by€showing€that€Applicant€has€met€Foreign€Preference€Disqualifying€Condition€(FPÐ ˜ ˜ ÐDC)€E2.A3.1.2.1.€The€exercise€of€dual€citizenship;€and€FP€DC€E2.A3.1.2.2.€Possession€and/or€use€of€a€foreign€passport.€€Applicant€has€dual€citizenship€withÐ " " ÐIsrael€and€has€an€Israeli€passport€ (although€it€has€expired).€Applicant€and€his€wife€determined€that€it€would€be€beneficial€for€their€family€if€they€lived€for€aÐ p p Ðperiod€of€time€in€Israel.€€They€did€not€move€to€Israel€for€the€sole€purpose€of€establishing€residency€there,€but€felt€it€important€for€their€children€to€have€aÐ \ \ Ðfirst- hand€knowledge€and€understanding€of€their€Jewish€heritage€and€to€walk€the€land€of€the€Bible.€€His€wife€has€Jewish€ancestry€that€qualified€her€to€obtainÐ H H Ðdual€citizenship€in€Israel€for€herself€and€her€family.€It€is€available€to€anyone€having€at€least€one€Jewish€parent€or€grandparent.€€Applicant's€Israeli€passportÐ 4 4 Ðexpired€nearly€five€years€ago€and€has€not€been€renewed.€€He€did€not€used€his€passport€and€has€not€returned€to€Israel€since€leaving€in€1995.€Ð ÐÐ ÐÌBecause€he€was€living€in€Israel,€Applicant€was€required€to€investigate€Israeli€military€service€but€was€told€he€was€too€old.€€He€had€indicated€he€would€take€upÐ ä ä Ðarms€to€protect€Israel€but€stated€that€he€would€not€do€so€if€it€involved€the€U.€S.€€He€has€changed€his€mind€about€returning€to€live€in€Israel€after€his€children€areÐ Ð Ð Ðeducated.€€Applicant€has€stated€his€allegiance€to€the€U.€S.,€which€is€corroborated€by€his€employers's€letter€of€support.€€Applicant's€activities€regarding€IsraelÐ ¼ ¼ Ðoccurred€nearly€twelve€years€ago€and€were€initiated€not€by€a€preference€for€Israel,€but€out€of€a€desire€to€give€his€family€the€benefit€of€the€educational,€culturalÐ ¨ ¨ Ðand€religious€experiences€of€living€in€the€holy€land.€He€should€not€be€condemned€for€the€sacrifices€he€made€to€provide€this€opportunity€for€his€family.Ð ” ” ÐÐ ÐÌFP€Mitigating€Condition€ (FP€MC)€E2.A3.1.3.1.€Dual€citizenship€is€based€solely€on€parents'€citizenship€or€birth€in€a€foreign€country€should€be€interpolated€toÐ X X " Ðapply.€€Applicant€only€obtained€his€Israeli€citizenship€through€his€wife,€who€was€eligible€because€her€parents€were€Jewish.€€They€are€dual€citizens€because€ofÐ D D # Ðher€parents.€ €It€could€be€argued€that€the€actions€contemplated€by€the€government€border€on€racial€and€religious€discrimination.€€I€have€also€considered€the€wholeÐ 0!0!$ Ðperson€concept€as€contemplated€by€the€Directive€€ð ð€6.3,€and€as€called€for€by€a€fair€and€commonsense€assessment€of€the€record€before€me€as€required€byÐ " "% ÐDirective€€ð ð€E2.2.3.€€In€my€opinion, €Applicant's€primary€allegiance€is€to€the€United€States,€and€I,€therefore,€find€for€him€on€Guideline€C.Ð # #& ÐÐ ÐÌò ò2.€€Financial€considerations€Guidelineó óÐ Ì%Ì%) ÐÐ ÐÌAt€first€glance,€it€would€appear€that€Financial€Consideration€DC€E2.A6.1.2.1.€A€history€of€not€meeting€financial€obligations;€and€FC€DC€E2.A3.1.2.3.€InabilityÐ ( (, Ðor€unwillingness€to€satisfy€debts,€might€be€applicable€to€Applicant.€€A€state€tax€lien€was€filed€in€August€1998,€and€was€not€shown€as€paid€as€of€September€16,Ð |)|)- Ð2003,€the€date€of€his€statement€to€a€security€investigator,€a€few€days€after€a€credit€report€was€issued.Ô4 ‚ ÝÔ5 ÔÝ ‚ ? › ÝÔ ÿ Ôò òÝ ÝÔ5 Ôò ò€(22)ó óÔ6 ôS ÔÝ ‚ ? › T ÝÔ ÿ Ôó óÝ ÝÔ7 ÝÔ5 6T Ô€€Applicant€explained€his€failure€to€pay€his€1993€amendedÐ h*h*. Ðstate€taxes€was€due€to€lack€of€work€during€the€time€in€Israel€and€in€1995€and€1996,€and€that€he€needed€the€proceeds€from€the€sale€of€his€house€to€feed€his€family.Ð T+T+/ ÐIt€was€necessary€to€file€amended€tax€returns€to€pay€capital€gains€on€the€sale€of€their€home€in€1993.Ô4 ‚ ÝÔ5 ÔÝ ‚ ? › ÝÔ ÿ Ôò òÝ ÝÔ5 Ôò ò€(23)ó óÔ6 V ÔÝ ‚ ? › V ÝÔ ÿ Ôó óÝ ÝÔ7 ÝÔ5 V Ô€€Applicant€requested€to€pay€the€taxes€in€installments,Ð @,@,0 Ðwhich€was€approved€by€the€IRS, €but€the€state€taxing€authority€never€acknowledged€Applicant's€request.Ô4 ‚ ÝÔ5 ÔÝ ‚ ? › ÝÔ ÿ Ôò òÝ ÝÔ5 Ôò ò€(24)ó óÔ6 jW ÔÝ ‚ ? › ~W ÝÔ ÿ Ôó óÝ ÝÔ7 ÝÔ5 ¬W Ô€€Only€years€later€did€he€learn€that€the€state€filed€a€taxÐ ,-,-1 Ðlien€on€August€20,€1998.€ €The€lien€was€apparently€satisfied€by€the€state's€seizure€of€an€investment€account,€which€Applicant€thought€had€satisfied€anyÐ . .2 Ðobligation.€€That€lien€expired€in€March€2004,€prior€to€the€date€the€SOR€was€issued,€and€was€released€of€record€on€November€22,€2004.€€Applicant€amended€hisÐ / /3 Ðreturn€in€a€timely€manner€giving€the€state€taxing€authority€his€then€current€address,€and€requested€someone€to€contact€him€about€establishing€installmentÐ ð/ð/4 Ðpayments.€€The€state€taxing€authority€ignored€his€voluntary€request€to€pay.Ô4 ‚ ÝÔ5 ÔÝ ‚ ? › ÝÔ ÿ Ôò òÝ ÝÔ5 Ôò ò€(25)ó óÔ6 »Z ÔÝ ‚ ? › ÏZ ÝÔ ÿ Ôó óÝ ÝÔ7 ÝÔ5 ýZ Ô€€The€tax€lien€is€moot.€I€find€that€Applicant's€detailed€explanation€of€the€eventsÐ Ü0Ü05 Ðsurrounding€the€tax€lien,€in€combination€with€an€analysis€of€his€credit€report€mitigate€any€concerns€with€his€financial€condition.€€FC€MC€E2.A6.1.3.2.€It€was€anÐ È1È16 Ðisolated€incident€applies€as€this€is€the€only€blemish€on€Applicant's€credit€history.€€As€Applicant€made€a€good-faith€attempt€to€comply€with€the€law€and€pay€whatÐ Ðhe€owed,€FC€MC€E2.A6.1.3.6.€The€individual€initiated€a€good-faith€effort€to€repay€overdue€or€otherwise€resolve€debts€€works€in€Applicant's€favor.€€I€concludeÐ ìì ÐGuideline€F€for€Applicant.Ð Ø Ø ÐÐ ÐÌò ò3.€€Personal€Conduct€Guidelineó óÐ œ œ ÐÐ ÐÌLooking€strictly€at€the€SF€86,€it€appears€that€Personal€Conduct€DC€E2.A5.1.2.2.€The€deliberate€omission,€concealment€or€falsification€of€relevant€and€materialÐ ` ` Ðfacts€from€any€personnel€security€questionnaire,€personal€history€statement, €or€similar€form€used€to€conduct€investigations,€determine€employmentÐ L L Ðqualifications,€award€benefits€or€status,€determine€security€clearance€eligibility€or€trustworthiness,€or€award€fiduciary€responsibilities€applies.€€€Applicant€did€notÐ 8 8 Ðdisclose€the€state€tax€lien€on€Question€36.€Your€Financial€Record€-Tax€Lien€€In€the€last€7€years, €have€you€had€a€lien€placed€against€your€property€for€failing€toÐ $ $ Ðpay€taxes€or€other€debts?€€Notwithstanding,€Applicant€made€a€good€faith€effort€to€pay€his€state€taxes€in€installments,€as€he€did€his€federal€taxes.€€He€believedÐ Ðthere€was€no€lien€because€he€had€never€been€notified€that€a€lien€existed.Ô4 ‚ ÝÔ5 ÔÝ ‚ ? › ÝÔ ÿ Ôò òÝ ÝÔ5 Ôò ò€(26)ó óÔ6 =b ÔÝ ‚ ? › Qb ÝÔ ÿ Ôó óÝ ÝÔ7 ÝÔ5 b Ô€€€He€gave€the€state€tax€agency€his€then€current€address,€filed€at€least€two€subsequentÐ ü ü Ðreturns€that€had€his€address,€yet€the€tax€agency€never€corresponded€with€him.€€In€fact, €the€lien€apparently€was€satisfied€through€a€seizure€of€an€investmentÐ è è Ðaccount,€which€he€learned€of€a€year€after€the€fact.€€Applicant€believed€the€debt€had€been€paid.€€The€actions€of€the€state€taxing€authority€in€not€correspondingÐ Ô Ô Ðwith€Applicant,€in€not€giving€him€notification€of€the€lien,€in€not€advising€him€of€the€investment€seizure, €and€in€not€timely€releasing€the€lien€of€record€gives€riseÐ À À Ðto€PC€MC€E2.A5.1.3.4.€Omission€of€material€facts€was€caused€or€significantly€contributed€to€by€improper€or€inadequate€advice€of€authorized€personnel,€and€theÐ ¬ ¬ Ðpreviously€omitted€information€was€promptly€and€fully€provided.€ ÓFORMAL€FINDINGSó óÐ €The€incompetence€of€the€state€taxing€authority€is€not€grounds€to€charge€Applicant€withÐ ˜ ˜ Ðdishonesty.€€His€employer's€statement€of€support€underscores€Applicant's€trustworthiness€and€reliability.€€I€conclude€Guideline€E€for€the€Applicant.Ð " " ÐÐ ÐÐ ÐÐ ÐÌò òÓ ÐÓ ÓÐ ÐÐ ÐÌFormal€Findings€regarding€each€SOR€allegation€as€required€by€Directive€€ð ð€E3.1.25€are€as€follows:Ð Ð Ð ÐÐ ÐÌParagraph€1.,€Guideline€C:€€€€€€€AGAINST€THE€APPLICANTÐ ” ” ÐÐ ÐÌSubparagraph€1.a.€€€For€the€ApplicantÐ X X " ÐSubparagraph€1.b.€€€For€the€ApplicantÐ D D # ÐSubparagraph€1.c.€€€For€the€ApplicantÐ 0!0!$ ÐSubparagraph€1.d.€€€For€the€ApplicantÐ " "% ÐSubparagraph€1.e.€€€For€the€ApplicantÐ # #& ÐSubparagraph€1.f.€€€For€the€ApplicantÐ ô#ô#' ÐSubparagraph€1.g.€€€For€the€ApplicantÐ à$à$( ÐÐ ÐÌParagraph€2.,€Guideline€F:€€€€€€FOR€THE€APPLICANTÐ ¤'¤'+ ÐÐ ÐÌSubparagraph€1.a.€€€For€the€ApplicantÐ h*h*. ÐÐ ÐÌParagraph€3.,€Guideline€E:€€€€FOR€THE€APPLICANTÐ ,-,-1 ÐÐ ÐÌSubparagraph€1.a.€€€For€the€ApplicantÐ ð/ð/4 ÐÐ ÐÐ È1È16 ÐÐ ÐÌÓ Óò òDECISIONó óÐ Ø Ø ÐÓ ÓÐ ÐÐ ÐÌIn€light€of€all€the€circumstances€presented€by€the€record€in€this€case,€it€is€€clearly€consistent€with€the€national€interest€to€grant€or€continue€Applicant's€securityÐ ˆ ˆ Ðclearance.€Clearance€is€granted.Ð t t ÐÐ ÐÐ ÐÐ ÐÌÌÓ ÓChristopher€GrahamÐ ü ü ÐÓ ÓÌÓ ÓAdministrative€Judge€Ð Ô Ô ÐÓ ÓÐ ÐÐ ÐÌÔ% ‡ Ô1.€Ô% † n ÔThis€action€was€taken€under€Executive€Order€10865,€Safeguarding€Classified€Information€Within€Industry,€dated€February€20,€1960,€as€amended€andÐ " " Ðmodified,€and€Department€of€Defense€Directive€5220.6,€Defense€Industrial€Personnel€Security€Clearance€Review€Program€(Directive), €dated€January€2,€1992,€asÐ p p Ðamended€and€modified.Ð \ \ ÐÔ% ‡ Ô2.€Ô% † ¦o ÔItem€4€(Applicant's€National€Security€Questionnaire,€SF€86,€dated€October€10,€2002)€at€1€and€3.Ð H H ÐÔ% ‡ Ô3.€Ô% † ;p ÔItem€3€(Answer€with€attachments,€dated€September€10,€2004)€at€1.Ð 4 4 ÐÔ% ‡ Ô4.€Ô% † ±p ÔItem€5€ (Applicant's€Statement€signed€September€27,€1996)€at€1-2.Ð ÐÔ% ‡ Ô5.€Ô% † 'q ÔItem€3,€supra,€at€1.Ð ÐÔ% ‡ ! Ô6.€Ô% † !qq ÔId.,€at€2.Ð ø ø ÐÔ% ‡ " Ô7.€Ô% † "±q ÔId.,€at€1.Ð ä ä ÐÔ% ‡ # Ô8.€Ô% † #ñq ÔId.,€at€2.Ð Ð Ð ÐÔ% ‡ $ Ô9.€Ô% † $1r ÔApplicant's€Counsel's€Response€to€the€FORM, €at€5€and€Tab€A.Ð ¼ ¼ ÐÔ% ‡ % Ô10.€Ô% † %¢r ÔId.,€at€5,€and€Tab€3€to€Tab€B.Ð ¨ ¨ ÐÔ% ‡ & Ô11.€Ô% † &÷r ÔApplicant's€Counsel's€Response€to€the€FORM,€at€8-9.Ð ” ” ÐÔ% ‡ ' Ô12.€Ô% † 'as ÔId.,€at€6,€and€Tab€B,€paragraph€8.b.Ð € € ÐÔ% ‡ ( Ô13.€Ô% † (¼s ÔÔ4 ‚ ) ÝÔ5 ÔÝ ‚ ? › ÝÔ ÿ Ôò òÝ ÝÔ5 Ôò ò€(14)ó óÔ6 Þs ÔÝ ‚ ? › òs ÝÔ ÿ Ôó óÝ ÝÔ7 ÝÔ5 t ÔÐ l l ! ÐÔ% ‡ * Ô14.€Ô% † *¡t ÔApplicant's€Counsel's€Response€to€the€FORM,€at€Tab€C,€pages€1-7.Ô4 ‚ + ÝÔ5 ÔÝ ‚ ? › ÝÔ ÿ Ôò òÝ ÝÔ5 Ôò ò€(15)ó óÔ6 u ÔÝ ‚ ? › u ÝÔ ÿ Ôó óÝ ÝÔ7 ÝÔ5 Eu ÔÐ X X " ÐÔ% ‡ , Ô15.€Ô% † ,Æu ÔApplicant's€Counsel's€Response€to€the€FORM,€at€Tab€C,€pages€1-7.Ô4 ‚ - ÝÔ5 ÔÝ ‚ ? › ÝÔ ÿ Ôò òÝ ÝÔ5 Ôò ò€(16)ó óÔ6 (v ÔÝ ‚ ? ›

FOOTNOTES